Angry politicians decried a lack of security at the match between Port Said team al-Masry and Cairo`s Al Ahli, Egypt`s most successful club, and blamed the nation`s leaders for allowing - or even causing - the tragedy.
"Down with military rule," thousands of Egyptians chanted at the main train station Cairo where they awaited the return of fans, quickly turning the biggest disaster in the nation`s football history into a political demonstration against army rule.
"The people want the execution of the field marshal," they shouted, turning on the ruler of the military council, Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, who tried to assuage anger by vowing to find the culprits in a phone call to a TV channel.
The post-match pitch invasion provoked panic among the crowd as rival fans fought, with most of the deaths among people who were trampled in the crush of the panicking crowd or who fell or were thrown from terraces, witnesses and health workers said.
"I saw people holding machetes and knives. Some were hit with these weapons, other victims were flung from their seats, while the invasion happened," Usama El Tafahni, a journalist in Port Said who attended the match, told Reuters.
Many of the Al Ahli fans involved were "ultras," dedicated supporters of the team with years of experience confronting police at football matches and who played a leading role in hitting back at heavy-handed security forces during the uprising that toppled President Hosni Mubarak.
The have been seen as at the vanguard of subsequent clashes with police and the army in violence that followed Mubarak`s ouster, and were also among those who protested outside the Israeli embassy and tore down walls that the army erected to protect the embassy.
Tantawi pledged that the army`s plan to hand over power to civilians would not be derailed.
"Egypt will be stable. We have a roadmap to transfer power to elected civilians. If anyone is plotting instability in Egypt they will not succeed," he told Al Ahli`s sports channel during his phone-in.
Interior Minister Mohamed Ibrahim said 47 people had been arrested and state television quoted Tantawi as saying a fact-finding committee would investigate the violence.
Deputy Health Minister Hesham Sheiha the "deeply saddening" event was "the biggest disaster in Egypt`s football history."
Some enraged politicians and ordinary Egyptians accused officials still in their jobs after the fall of Mubarak of complicity in the tragedy, or at least of allowing a security vacuum in which violence has flourished since last year`s revolution.
"The security forces are responsible for what happened. There is no security," said shop owner Farouk Ibrahim, 42, outside a Port Said hospital where dozens of injured were treated.
Essam el-Erian, a member of parliament of the Muslim Brotherhood`s Freedom and Justice Party which topped recent parliamentary election, said the violence was "pre-planned and...a message from the remnants of the regime. There are those who want the bloodshed to continue."
In a statement on its website the Brotherhood later said the violence had been orchestrated by an "invisible" hand and that the authorities had been negligent.
Albadry Farghali, a member of parliament for Port Said, accused officials and security forces of allowing the disaster, saying they still had ties to the government of Mubarak, who was overthrown a year ago.
"The security forces did this or allowed it to happen. The men of Mubarak are still ruling. The head of the regime has fallen but all his men are still in their positions," he screamed in a telephone call to live television.
Families of the victims rushed around hospitals in Port Said. A medical source and witnesses said a number of policemen were among the dead.
Thursday marks the first anniversary of clashes on Tahrir Square when Mubarak supporters on camelback charged pro-democracy demonstrators, and fought with the ultras.
Online activists saw a connection with the ultras.
"The police and army (did not move) a muscle to prevent the bloodshed," activist Sohair Riad wrote on Facebook. "Their silence screams complicity. This is a collective assassination of a group that continues to support the revolution and struggles against military rule."
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